Thursday, August 27, 2020

How Governments attitude and policy towards sport has changed and Essay

How Governments demeanor and strategy towards sport has changed and envolved in the course of the last 25years - Essay Example Sports strategy can likewise be viewed as a crystal through which more extensive ideological and pragmatic political idea can be seen. The three administrations of Margaret Thatcher/John Major (Conservative) and Tony Blair’s New Labor delineate the differentiations that can be found inside games strategy. As Houlihan (2002) recommends, â€Å"some strategy regions are simpler than others to plot and delimit†, and this is particularly the situation with sports which is frequently a support around which various powers, from instruction to national esteem to general wellbeing spins. The Thatcher government embraced what might be viewed as a typically free enterprise and privatized perspective on sports administration at both the national and nearby level. One of her first activities as PM was to blacklist the 1980 Moscow Olympics as a dissent against the Soviet attack of Afgahnistan. England was no alone in this blacklist, being joined by 62 other Western nations. One part of Thatcher’s strategy that appeared differently in relation to the arrangement of cash for different games arenas, associations and for sports on school, something which each administration since WWII had initiated was her government’s response to football hooliganism. Under watch football hooliganism took on monstrous and destructive extents, for example, the battles that happened at the European Cup Final in Brussels in which 36 individuals were executed (Frosdick, 2005). Thatcher presented various new laws and approaches that would boycott liquor at grounds, increment police forces to control the conduct and size of the group, just as presenting observation, for example, close-circuit TV cameras that had recently been viewed as an intrusion of protection. Football hooliganism was a support around which numerous powers rotated, including genuine proposals that a National Identity Card ought to be presented, despite the fact that at its stature the issue

Saturday, August 22, 2020

History of the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of the USA - Essay Example The inquiry talks about the four kinds of American ethnic relations levels. Satisfying the guarantee to make all men equivalent is slanting on the right street towards acknowledgment. Jefferson’s making a guarantee in his Declaration of Independence. In 1776, President Thomas Jefferson utilizes the philosophical lessons of John Locke as the establishment for his announcement of freedom where President Jefferson vowed to apply endeavors to make all men equivalent. Be that as it may, the creators of the United States Constitution favored that lone the White Americans who possessed terrains could cast a ballot (Ciment 1). Then again, President Jefferson accentuated that the individuals must be conceded their unavoidable rights. The rights incorporate the option to live, freedom, and option to look for one’s bliss. Further, John Locke’s Two Treatise on Government, distributed in 1690, emphasized that the individuals had the unavoidable (characteristic) rights to prop erty, freedom, just as life. Thus, John Locke demanded that the administration must give a valiant effort to shield the people’s rights from being manhandled. Be that as it may, President Jefferson supplanted John Locke’s property right to satisfaction right. The statement of autonomy referenced that the King George III Britain government had denied the individuals their privileges, setting off a battle for freedom from Britain (Bardes 35). In any case, the preservationists of American culture constrained and altered the political framework. Jefferson’s differential political government accentuated that most of the Americans won't enter the political picture. The moderates just permitted the well off and the informed world class citizenry to take part in political choices and other government works out (Garry 54). Further, Alexei repeated that the neighborhood American Indian Art culture was gradually being overwhelmed by the forced White American colonizer†™s imported craftsmanship culture. The Indians had to join the White American’s workmanship culture into the American Indian’s nearby craftsmanship culture. The Western style works of art set off the passing of the nearby artistic expressions (Dawn 256). Moreover, the pioneer of the women’s gathering, Stanton, duplicated the President Jefferson’s announcement of Independence as reason for drawing up the ladies group’s requests to practice the option to cast a ballot and sex equity. The ladies called the report, Declaration of Sentiments. The democratic procedure during Stanton’s time just permitted the male residents to cast a ballot. Five ladies led the marking and promotion of the ladies group’s announcement in the July 14, 1848 issue of the Seneca Newspaper. The five ladies held the women’s July 19 and July 20 show. The show concentrated on constraining the legislature to permit the ladies populace to cast a ballot (Burgan 45). George Frederickson’s Ethnic Relations as far as ethic relations, George Frederickson (638) demands that the best model of American ethnic relations is social pluralism model. The model acknowledges the social decent variety of the various races. For instance, the United States court expressed (Meyer versus Nebraska [262 U.S. 390]) that the German Community can utilize the German book of scriptures in their grade school (Norgren and Nanda 68). The model permits the people to openly manufacture and remake their own various societies (Loury, Modood, and Teles 133). Then again, the digestion model shows the non-whites are compelled to acknowledge and actualize the way of life of the White Americans (Frederickson 635). Under the One Way Assimilation model, the ethnic gatherings are required to adjust or follow the social demonstrations and non-demonstrations of the White Americans. Subsequently, the model directs that the non-White Americans’ societies are substandard compared to the White Americans’ culture. Subsequently, the

Friday, August 21, 2020

15+ Useful Tools To Create Flow Chart Diagrams

15+ Useful Tools To Create Flow Chart Diagrams Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!15+ Useful Tools To Create Flow Chart DiagramsUpdated On 28/10/2019Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Desktop Apps Web AppsShort URL : https://hbb.me/2sRAzUD CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogDuring my college lab classes I used to create flow chart diagrams and I know how difficult it is. Thats why came up with this list of useful tools. In this post I present you free tools to create flow charts, data flow diagrams and other architectural diagrams. I have included both the free desktop and web versions. I have also included trial version based software. Flow Diagram or flow chart is a diagram of the sequence of operations in a computer program or an accounting system. If you are unaware about DFD symbols, you can check this.P.S. 1 If your diagrams are simple you can handle them using MS Word or other MS Office tools.P.S. 2 The tools mentioned here are free to use, and for some you need to pay to enjoy full features, but still you can work on it.Useful Tools To Create Flow Chart Diagrams1. Microsoft Visio : Microsoft Office Visio is a commercial diagramming program for Microsoft Windows that uses vector graphics to create diagrams. [Recommended]2. Google Docs : Create and share your work online and access your documents from anywhere. Manage documents, spreadsheets, presentations, and surveys. Learn how to use here.2. Gliffy Flowchart Software : Gliffy is a flow chart tool that makes it easy to create online flow charts. Just drag and drop shapes and lines from the flow chart shape libraries and you can turn your ideas into professional-looking flow charts. Its free, and theres nothing to install.3. SmartDraw : Create diagrams, use case diagrams, entity relationship diagrams, UML diagrams, and more in minutes with SmartDraw. Start with the exact template you needâ€"not just a blank screen. Add your information and SmartDraw does the rest, aligning ev erything and applying professional design themes for great results every time.4. Creately : Creately is a web-based flowchart software for drawing beautiful Flowcharts, Workflow Diagrams, Process Flow Diagrams Data Flow Diagrams.5. Edraw Max : With Edraw Max, the designers can rapidly create structured analysis diagram, information flow diagram, process-oriented diagram, data-oriented diagram and data process diagrams as well as data flowcharts, business process diagrams, work flow diagrams, value stream maps, TQM diagrams, and cause and effect diagrams.6. Lucidchart : LucidChart is the missing link in online productivity suites. LucidChart allows users to create, collaborate on, and publish attractive flowcharts and other diagrams from a web browser.READAn easier way to process GoPro 4K videos with full hardware acceleration7. Cacoo : Simply with a browser, Cacoo enables you to create and insert beautiful diagrams easily into online documents. Any modifications appear instantly, s o that the most recent version of the diagram is always displayed.8. Flowchart.com : Flowchart.com is an online multi-user, real-time collaboration flow charts service. Its Flowcharting made easy. You can collaborate with your colleagues in real-time. All collaborating parties can chat and design flow charts at the same time.9. yUML : Create and share simple UML diagrams in your blogs, wikis, forums, bug-trackers and emails.10. Diagramly : Any browser, no login, fully functional, completely free, includes real time collaboration.11. yEd : yEd is a powerful diagram editor that can be used to quickly and effectively generate high-quality drawings of diagrams. Create your diagrams manually or import your external data for analysis and auto-magically arrange even large data sets by just pressing a button.12. Graphviz : Graph visualization is a way of representing structural information as diagrams of abstract graphs and networks. It has important applications in networking, bioinformati cs, software engineering, database and web design, machine learning, and in visual interfaces for other technical domains.13. SlickPlan : SlickPlan is a web-based sitemap/flowchart generator that allows for the creation of free sitemap and flowchart design. SlickPlan was handcrafted with PHP/MySQL and jQuery by the Dayton website design team at Atomic Interactive.14. Draw Anywhere : Create diagrams online collaborate. No download, no-install. Log in from anywhere draw. Sign up for a free 30-day trial account to create, modify and share your diagrams.`15. Dia Diagram Editor : Dia Diagram Editor is a free program to draw structured diagrams and charts.16. SilverDiagram : Create your custom diagram based application with SilverDiagram. Make a mind map application, create flow charts for your custom projects or develop other solutions.17. ArgoUML : ArgoUML is the leading open source UML modeling tool and includes support for all standard UML 1.4 diagrams. It runs on any Java platform and is available in ten languages.18. Allclear : You can edit your flowchart in a text outline view. It makes for easy editing and creation during a process meeting.These are some of the useful tools to create flow chart diagrams, well be updating this list if we find any other similar tools.

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Night John - 805 Words

Sarny, a 12-year-old slave girl in the ante-bellum south, faces a relatively hopeless life. Her chief duties at the plantation of Clel Waller are serving at table, spitting tobacco juice on roses to prevent bugs, and secretly conveying intimate messages between Waller s wife, Callie, and Dr. Chamberlaine. Then Nightjohn arrives. A former runaway slave who bears telltale scars on his back, he takes Sarny under his wing and, in exchange for a pinch of tobacco, secretly begins to teach her to read and write a crime punishable by death. Words, he says, are freedom. Slavery is made of words: laws, deeds, and passes. He starts by drawing letters in the dirt and cautions her that no one must know. At her baptism, Sarny steals a Bible that†¦show more content†¦The South must take for granted the fact that slavery is right and that a new ideology, a new philosophy must be created off the south’s foundation of an agricultural slave based society. Fitzhugh calls for â€Å"compl ete independence and isolation from all outside influences to the point of becoming a separate nation in order for the South to develop its own distinctive brand of thought. Fitzhugh attacks a capitalistic society believing that no security can be found in it and only from slavery can a society be free of immoral activities. Fitzhugh envisioned a South that incorporated slavery of every race as he compared the South to ancient societies that used slavery based on what a person is born into. Fitzhugh believed the need for the South to diversify her economy from an agricultural one to an industrial one to advance the South’s economy and education. Fitzhugh sought to prove historically the failure of a free capitalistic society, but when we turn to assess Fitzhugh’s critique we discover, at both its explicit and its ramified level that its strengths are also are its weaknesses. Harriet Tubman was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the Ame rican Civil War. After escaping from slavery, into which she was born, she made thirteen missions to rescue more than 70 slaves using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped John Brown recruit menShow MoreRelatedNight by Elie Wiesel and Hiroshima by John Hersey661 Words   |  3 Pagesdecisions. It is at times like these that the humanity in us, our personalities, either fall apart leaving us nothing but a hollow shell, or transforms into a stronger, evolved form gleaming with compassion and self sacrifice. Night written by Elie Wiesel and Hiroshima written by John Hersey portray how every day life might un-expectantly change, how frail life really is, and how these unexpected changes test what is inside us. Both books tell the tale of how lives of civilians were interrupted by theRead MoreComparing John Travoltas Characters In Saturday Night Fever1276 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Travolta stars in Saturday Night Fever while Jennifer Grey stars in Dirty Dancing. Saturday Night Fever is about Travolta’s character Tony, going through life in the 70’s with his unimpactful friends. Tony goes through a change in himself when he wants to start surrounding himself with individuals that will impact his life in a positive way. Thus, at the end of the film, he concludes to move out of his parents’ house to start his life changing process. Grey plays Baby in Dirty Dancing whichRead MoreNight by Elie Wisel and Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck differences and similarites1453 Words   |  6 PagesNight by Elie Wisel and Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck are both books that have differences and similarities in the relationships of their main characters. These characters are Elie and his father, which are two Jews trapped in a concentration camp for the book Night. The other book Of Mice and Men includes two other characters, who are Lennie and George. These two characters have very close f riendship, and take care of each other. These two relationships differ and coincide, in how they treatRead MoreNight John Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pagessold when Sarny was four years old and old Delie raised Sarny. 7. The work that Sarny does on the plantation is working around the quarters, cleaning the yard, gathering eggs, and helping old Delie with the young ones. 8. What Sarny does at night is she gets on a pallet in the back of the long log house and thinks. Chapter II 1. Sarny’s job in the flower garden was to work on the roses and her job allows her to chew on tobacco leaves to kill bugs. 2. Clel Waller paid one thousandRead MoreThe Dead of the Night - John Marsden1605 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The best novels stand the test of time, providing the reader with an interesting story as well as conveying important themes and ideas† In John Marsden’s sequel to â€Å"Tomorrow When the War Began†, set in rural modern day Australia, comes his second novel of seven â€Å"The Dead of the Night†. John Marsden’s â€Å"TDOTN† has stood the test of time, by providing the readers with an interesting story as well as conveying important themes and ideas. The themes and ideas of â€Å"Death and Destruction†, â€Å"RelationshipsRead MoreAnalysis Of John Lincoln s The Night 2052 Words   |  9 PagesJohn Winchester sleeps on his stomach with a knife and a gun under his pillow. His right hand clutches the handle to an old Beretta, since he d always been better at shooting with his dominant hand, and his left hand holds the leather hilt to a serrated, silver dagger. Even as he s in a deep slumber, he makes sure that he has those two things tightly grasped in his hands. That way if anything comes into their motel room at night, John will be ready. He won t let an evil thing take him f rom hisRead MoreJohn Ball s The Heat Of The Night Essay1530 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Ball’s In the Heat of the Night was published in 1965, in a decade of racial injustice and some of the most violent years in American history, in the form of hundreds of city wide riots across the nation. As the book is both a mystery-detective story and an exploration of the relations between whites and African Americans, it was a case of timing. The concerns outlined in the book were exactly those that had America tightly in its grip. Yet, more than 30 years of passing time have done littleRead MoreTheme Of Realism In Poker Night By John Updike1392 Words   |  6 Pagescards began to come to me, under the naked bulb, the aces and deuces and the queens with their beautiful cold faces, and I really only made 2 mistakes that night† (Updike 5). This is one of many quotes John Updike uses throughout his works to call attention to his abundance of symbolism. This particular quote comes f rom his short story Poker Night, a story told from the point of view of a man who, after he has just been told he has cancer, goes to play poker with his friends like he has been for 30Read MoreDon t Be Shy, I Won t Bite !897 Words   |  4 PagesJohn sat silently thinking about his choices. Evelyn was correct in her assumptions. He is starting to have feelings for her, even if he don t want to admit it to himself. Evelyn could sense John contemplating with his choices. She smiled brightly and spoken in a cheerful voice. Don t think too hard Johnny, why don t you sit closer by me? I ll gladly share you my blanket, besides I think you need it more than I do. Evelyn pat the ground, directing him to come closer. Oh come on...don tRead MoreIn the Heat of the Night by John Ball - Character Notes1749 Words   |  7 Pagesterribly sorry to have to bring you this news. This quote describes how Sam is a sensitive person internally. In addition, Sam Wood hates to be called Sam and rather be called Mr. Wood. Sam has been a police officer for three years, (pg.2) and is a night patrol cop. He wears a police uniform that has the number 38 on it. (pg.7) Sam in a cautious person because when driving, he concentrates on missing holes in the road! (pg.3) Sam has powerful feelings for Duena. On page 57, it says, He wanted desperately

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Child Observation Report Essay example - 1832 Words

Introduction The location of the observation was at the Community Center (Early Childhood education program) at 11:00am to 12:30pm on April 15, 2014. The meaningful experiences in early childhood education can positively shape childrens development. With a teacher is guidance authentic child-art activity can educate enrich young students learning abilities, encourage positive attitudes toward other children, and more importantly, learn to interact with people around them in the contemporary world. However, art for young students often takes many diversified approaches and emphasizing questionable practices. Observation is a part of meaningful and authentic early childhood art education. Observation enriches children’s experiences in†¦show more content†¦Three were four play houses, and a yellow to truck. There were five girls with curly hair, two boys with hats, were six girls wearing pink dresses. There were two red wagons, purple yellow monkey’s bars and one boy with a c owboy hat. Near the brown stairs, there was one paper plane and two boys fighting. There were instruments around the playground, tambourine, piano, maracas and drums. There were three boys counting how many flowers are around them. There were rock climbing course and little bit of sun light. There were seven pink shoes, stripes shirts and two girls laughing. Inside of the classroom there was a different objective I observed such as three calendars, three tables, a cabinet, 15 pack backs on the shelves and glitter. There were 2 flags, four plants and children sitting and lunch set. There were wood blocks, children pictures, pencil and crayons. There was hand paint, one clock and three rugs. There was three teachers and one with it an apron on. Sub objectives observation An observation was held in the alpert Jewish community center. A variety of children between the ages of three to five were observed in activities ranging from physical and motor to social and cognitive development â€Å"The Gross Motor Function Measure was designed specifically to evaluate change in gross motor function in children with CP (Russellet al1989). It consists of 88 itemsShow MoreRelatedObservation Report For Child Observation1557 Words   |  7 PagesEach child sat down individually with the researcher the day after to read out the words they have learnt. They were shown pages of books and asked if they could identify the words from the text. They were also asked to create a sentence using these words. The Memorization and Mixed Method approach showed that 8 out of 16 children (50%) had a full score in reading the sight words â€Å"see, â€Å"give†, â€Å"have†, â€Å"feel† and â€Å"like†. 5 out of 16 children scored more than 2 but less than 5. The remaining 3 outRead MoreObservation Report On Child Observation1411 Words   |  6 PagesWe observed Joaquin in his home in the living room of his home. His mother, younger brother, and younger sister were all there. They interacted with Joaquin during the observation. There were times that the children interacted with Caitlin and me, but for the most part we just observed them interact with each other. Observation Summary I brought a couple activities for Joaquin and his siblings to do while we observed him. I brought a pumpkin, hammer, and golf tees for them to pound them into theRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report Lecturer: Dr. Stephanie L. Knight Observer: Afra Mohamed Taha Observant: 3-4 year old boy Topic: Entire Observation Setting: Airport. A family consists of a father, a mother, three daughters and a son. Goal: Observing the boy to see his entire behavior, in addition to his reaction to reinforcement and punishment. Time: 52 minutes Method used: SystematicRead MoreEvaluation Of A Child Observation Report1097 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report On January 4, 2016, I visited my cousin Darius, who is currently a seventeen year old boy and a junior in high school in the city of Dallas, Texas which is where I am from. I asked him and his mother a series of questions pertaining to him and his adolescent development. Let’s take the journey into Darius’ teenage development. Between the ages of twelve and sixteen most adolescents experience significant physical changes related to puberty. This also happened to be trueRead More Child Observation Report Essay6698 Words   |  27 Pages Detailed report of five observations. The names used in this Observation Report are fictitious. This is absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of the children being observed. Observation #1: Ron and aggression Date and time: Wednesday April 16, 2014; 11:25-12:50 Setting: Playground for 1st/2nd grade recess 11:25-11:50, 3rd/4th gradeRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesnoticed one child was sitting at the table having a conversation with a stuffed beaver. The two twin girls I was baby-sitting had a giant stuffed bee, and I would chase after them with it and sting them. This shows what the book calls animistic thinking. According to the book, this kind of thinking is the belief that inanimate objects are alive. Another form of animistic thinking would be when my mother told a story about a leprechaun. When my mother asked where leprechauns lived, one child repliedRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pages Child development is an amazing thing to watch in the way that children interact with one another and how they perceive the world that surrounds. While doing our research of child development we began to observe a group of kids ranging the ages 1 – 12. During these observations we noticed traits such as attachment, comfort, and love. Through the following examples we will proceed to observe development in our environment and explain its relativity to the text Observation #1 I observed a set ofRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesthe morning with the students there. In the time I spent there, the children, ages 3 to 5, engaged in unstructured play, and sat in a circle for calendar time and reading aloud. The preschool is primarily child-centered in terms of its organization, meaning it incorporates a lot of child directed activity, and less structured, or adult directed, learning (Berk, 2008). I watched the group of about twenty children with the intention of studying them as a whole, but I found myself compelled to watchRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay2202 Words   |  9 Pagesusually understand her clearly. Natalie will sometimes listen to Paul or Rachel talking and then repeat the things they have said later. She also does this with short stories. Emotional Development: Natalie is generally a happy child she can be very shy with strangers. She does not really cry unless she’s tiered and doesn’t get her own way, if she hurts her self badly and sees blood she will cry and will not let you see it. If she does hurt her self not to badly weRead MoreSocial Work Child Observation Report1545 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of negotiating an agreement to carry out a child observation in a school. It will explain my role as a social work student in the process of negotiating observation agreement with the school. Some of the issues considered in my negotiation were confidentiality, ethical issues and values, consent, communication, legal issues, professionalism, skill, voluntary participation of participant, contingency plan and limitations. The name of the child observed in this work will not be included for data

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Deviant Behavior and Drug Abuse Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Deviant Behavior and Drug Abuse. Answer: Tobacco smoking Deviant behavior can be defined as behavior that does not conform to the norms and values of the society. Deviant behavior often elicits a negative response. Deviant behavior can be categorized as voluntary, involuntary, formal and informal (Goode 2015, 23 ). Tobacco smoking has been prevalent practice in the society for thousands of years. It is needless to say that tobacco smoking cause harm to the individual who smokes it as well as to the people who are exposed to the smoke (Goode 2015, 45). Thus it can be considered to be a deviant behavior as it poses a threat to the public health and economy. As assessed by the World Health Organization Smoking tobacco is no longer a social problem on national level but a social problem on the global level. Cigarette smoking also is not illegal in most countries of the world but is not religiously desirable. Thus Cigarette smoking is not as deviant as other illicit drugs. Tobacco smoking can be defined to be culturally patterned. It can be red efined as a social activity (Rubington Weinberg 2016, 15). Cigarette smoking can be said to promote interaction among the people. Illicit Drug abuse Drug abuse can be considered to be a severe form of deviant activity as it poses a serious threat to all the members of a society. Drug abuse exists in multiple levels of the society. Drug abuse generally takes a toll on the communities, social institutions and families (Atkinson 2014, 17). Human beings are prone to become victims of drug abuse and are likely to get addicted to the same. Thus the phenomenon of drug abuse can be considered to be inherently connected to the origin of culture and the society. According to the strain theory of deviance as devised by Robert K Merton it can be said that individuals get addicted to drug abuse due to failure to achieve the social goals by socially acceptable means (Downes, Rock and McLaughlin 2016, 41). According to the theory as devised by Robert it can be said that individuals who get addicted to drugs accept such drug addiction as their fate. Comparison between the two deviant activities Thus after analyzing the deviant activities of smoking as well as illicit drug abuse, it can be stated that smoking is perceived to be less harmful to the society than illicit drug abuse. Smoking however is not desirable, is socially acceptable in most countries (Murph 2015, 12). Cigarette smoking has also been perceived to promote or encourage social interaction between people. However, the harmful effects of smoking are not to be undermined. Smoking although not considered to be serious deviant activity, is the cause of the most number of deaths all over the world. Illicit drug abuse can be considered to be a far more serious form of a deviant activity. The consequences of drug abuse are detrimental to the society (Hirschi 2018, 12). Illicit drug abuse is strictly forbidden and illegal in most countries of the world. Illicit drug abuse adversely affects the society as teenagers can get easily victims of drug addiction. Illicit drug abuse often promotes degenerate behavior among ind ividuals and also is closely associated with antisocial activity. References Atkinson, R. ed., 2014.Shades of deviance: A primer on crime, deviance and social harm. Routledge. Downes, D., Rock, P. and McLaughlin, E., 2016.Understanding deviance: a guide to the sociology of crime and rule-breaking. Oxford University Press. Goode, E., 2015.Deviant behavior. Routledge. Hirschi, T. ed., 2018.The generality of deviance. Routledge. Murphy, J. 2015,Illness or Deviance?: Drug Courts, Drug Treatment, and the Ambiguity of Addiction: Drug Courts, Drug Treatment, and the Ambiguity of Addiction,Temple University Press, Philadelphia. Rubington, E. Weinberg, M.S. 2016;2015;,Deviance: the interactionist perspective,10th edn, Routledge, London;New York;.